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Alfred Scheepers was born in Amsterdam in 1951. After finishing Highschool, he started studying philosophy in the Free University of Amsterdam in 1969. There he developed his interest in Asiatic thinking. Having obtained his 'doctorandus' (MA) degree he started working on his PhD thesis in the University of Leiden, 1980. The thesis was completed under the name Adhyasa (projection), a comparison between the Advaita Vedanta of Shankara and the phenomenology of Edmund Hussserl (which is the literal translation of the original Dutch title). From 1989 he is working as an author, and is connected on free lance basis to the India Instituut (institute) in Amsterdam. From 1996 he is also working as a philosophy teacher for the Iyengar Yoga Center in Amsterdam. He wrote An Orientation in Indian Philosophy and he translated the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali.
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Page:
011 - Transliteration of the Sanskrit Alphabet
013 - Preface
017 - Introduction
025 - I BUDDHISM IN INDIA
027 - 1. The Buddha and his Teaching
027 - The Scriptures in three Baskets
028 - The basket of sermons
028 - The Life of the Buddha
030 - The Path to Freedom
031 - Ethical rules
031 - Meditation
032 - Liberating insight
032 - Thoughts behind the Method
033 - The four noble truths
035 - The influence of ignorance
036 - Dependent origination
042 - The five groups of grasping
044 - Ultimate reality
048 - Ethical causation
052 - The middle way
053 - 2. Early History
054 - The five heretical theses
056 - The Sects
057 - Sthaviras
058 - Mahasanghikas
058 - Vatsiputriyas
061 - 3 .Abhidharma
062 - Theras and Sarvastivadins
064 - Nature of the Abhidharma
066 - The Thera Abhidhamma
066 - Freedom and bondage
066 - Mind and 'sankara'
070 - Consciousness and rebirth
070 - The process of conscious apperception
073 - Psychical factors
078 - States of mind
080 - Matter
081 - Time
081 - General characteristics and interpretation
083 - The Sarvastivada Abhidharma
085 - Retribution
088 - Death and after
088 - Knowledge and volition
090 - Mental faculties
095 - Matter
096 - Perception
097 - Time
097 - The concept of Nirvana
101 - 4. Sautrantikas
101 - The stream of mind
102 - Action and fruit
103 - Forms, volitions, mind
103 - Subtle consciousness
104 - Knowledge
105 - Time versus space
105 - Development in time
106 - Nirvana
107 - 5. Mahayana
110 - Mahayana as philosophy
112 - Scriptures
114 - Origin
115 - History
115 - Kanvas and Shungas
116 - Scyths
116 - Kushanas
117 - Cedi and Satavahanas
118 - The Guptas
119 - Pushpabhutis and other houses
119 - Cashmere and Gandhara
120 - The decline of Buddhism in India
121 - Magadha as the melting pot of ideas
122 - The Path of the Bodhisattva
122 - The ten stages
126 - The 'bodies' of the Buddha
129 - The apparitional body
129 - The body of enjoyment
131 - The body of Dharma
132 - Truth
132 - Suchness
133 - The veils of affliction and of thought
134 - Conventional and highest truth
135 - The unity of Nirvana and Samsara
137 - 6. Madhyamaka
137 - Criticism
138 - Life of Nagarjuna
139 - Works ascribed to Nagarjuna
139 - Short History of the Madhyamaka
143 - Dialectic
143 - The tetralemma
145 - Relativity
146 - The goal of dialectic
147 - Substance or Fleeting Events?
149 - The Highest Wisdom
150 - Nature of wisdom
151 - Wisdom is freedom
152 - Absolute and Phenomena
155 - Ignorance
156 - Two truths
156 - Freedom
157 - Freedom is spiritual
159 - 7. Idealism
161 - History
162 - Dignaga
166 - The reality of the external world
167 - Theory of knowledge
170 - Dharmakirti
171 - Two levels of truth
174 - The means of knowledge
178 - Understanding
182 - The idealist solution of the problem of knowledge
184 - The problem of intersubjectivity
187 - II BUDDHISM IN CHINA
189 - 8. The Assimilation of Taoism
189 - The Six Houses
191 - Sengzhao
192 - Movement
192 - Existence
193 - Wisdom
194 - Daosheng
195 - Retribution
196 - Instantaneous enlightenment
198 - The immortality of the mind
201 - World denial and the state
203 - 9. Later Buddhist Developments
203 - Jizang
205 - Xuanzang
205 - All is relative to the mind
206 - Four levels of consciousness
207 - Store-consciousness
208 - The seven active forms of consciousness
210 - All consists of the minds immanent differentiation
211 - The three natures of reality and their true essence
213 - The road to wisdom
215 - 10. Three Schools
215 - Fazang and the Huayan School
216 - Origination through causation
216 - The emptiness of matter
217 - The three natures
217 - Revelation of what is without quality
217 - Non-generation
218 - The five teachings
219 - The mastering of the ten mysteries
221 - Embracing the six qualities
221 - The achievement of 'Bodhi'
221 - Entry into Nirvana
222 - Epilogue
222 - The Fahua or Lotus School from the Tiantai mountains
223 - Absolute mind
224 - Three natures
225 - The universal and the individual mind
225 - The integration od all things
226 - Cessation and contamplation
227 - Pure and impure natures
228 - Ignoarance and enlightenment
228 - The intellectual position of the Tiantai School
229 - The Chan School
230 - Wisdom
231 - The highest truth is inexpressible
231 - Wisdom cannot be cultivated
233 - In the last resort nothing is gained
234 - There is nothing much in the Buddhist teaching
234 - In carryng water and chopping wood: therein lies the wonderful Dao
237 - III BUDDHISM IN JAPAN
239 - 11. The Character of Japanese Buddhism
241 - 12. Buddhist Sects
246 - 13. Zen Buddhism
248 - The universal and the individual aspect of consciousness
250 - Two schools
252 - Dogen
254 - Against syncretism
254 - Enlightenment
256 - Time and being
257 - Causality
258 - Zazen
259 - Hakuin
261 - The realm of the absolute
263 - Karma and liberation
263 - The analogy of man and society
267 - Notes
267 - I Buddhism in India
273 - II Buddhism in China
276 - III Buddhism in Japan
279 - Bibliography
289 - Index and Foreign Words
Tables: pp. 29, 41, 59, 72, 127, 141-2, 163-5
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